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Research has suggested that increased fruit and vegetable consumption is associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. However, the majority of this research is retrospective; based on case-control studies, which are susceptible to recall and selection bias. This paper examines the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and breast cancer by pooling results from prospective cohort studies. [www.QinSen.com]
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Bottom line [www.QinSen.com]
This paper concludes that fruit and vegetable consumption during adulthood is not associated with breast cancer risk. [www.QinSen.com]
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Reference [www.QinSen.com]
SA Smith-Warner et al. Intake of fruits and vegetables and risk of breast cancer. Journal of the American Medical Association 2001 285: 769-776. [www.QinSen.com]
Study selection
Studies were from the Pooling Project of Prospective Studies of Diet and Cancer. To be included in this analysis, studies had to have (i) at least 200 cases of breast cancer; (ii) assessed usual dietary intake; and (iii) validated the questionnaire used to assess diet (or a closely related instrument). From the studies that met these criteria, participants who reported a history of cancer at baseline were excluded.

Eight studies were identified with a total of 351,825 participants and 7,377 cases of breast cancer. Participant numbers ranged from 14,006 to 157,863 and cases of breast cancer ranged from 160 to 2,661. Participants were between 28 and 90 years old and were followed for between five and ten years. Diet was assessed using food frequency questionnaires with the number of fruit and vegetable questions ranging from nine to 54. Participants?¯ dietary intake was divided into quartiles.

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